Achimenes is a genus of approximately 25 species of tropical and subtropical rhizomatous perennial herbs belonging to the family Gesneriaceae, within the order Lamiales. Commonly known as magic flowers, widow's tears, Cupid's bower, or hot water plants, these herbaceous perennials are native to Mexico and Central America, with the greatest diversity of species found in Mexico. One species, A. erecta, also occurs naturally in the West Indies. Several species and hybrids have been widely cultivated and have naturalized beyond their native range.
Plants in this genus produce scaly underground rhizomes that allow them to survive a winter dormancy period. Above ground they bear soft, often hairy stems and leaves, and are prized for their large, brightly colored tubular flowers in shades of violet, pink, red, orange, and white. The genus has been extensively hybridized, with major large-flowered species such as A. grandiflora and A. longiflora used frequently as parents, yielding cultivars grown as ornamental greenhouse and bedding plants across temperate regions.
Taxonomy within Gesneriaceae has seen some revision: two species formerly placed in Achimenes have been reclassified into the segregate genus Eucodonia, a separation supported by multiple phylogenetic analyses. The genus now stands at around 24–25 accepted species. Several cultivars have received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit, including 'Ambroise Verschaffelt' and 'Hilda Michelsen'.
Etymology
The genus name Achimenes is thought by some authorities to derive from the Greek word cheimanos, meaning "tender" or "sensitive to cold," reflecting the plant's susceptibility to low temperatures and cold water.
Distribution
Achimenes is native to Mexico and Central America, with Mexico hosting the greatest number of species. One species, A. erecta, naturally extends to the West Indies. Through cultivation, several species and hybrids have become naturalized well outside this native range.
Cultivation
Achimenes species and hybrids are widely grown as greenhouse plants and outdoor bedding plants in subtropical climates. They perform best in rich, well-drained, slightly acidic soil with bright indirect light, consistent warmth, and high humidity. Plants die back in winter and overwinter as scaly rhizomes, which should be kept dry until new growth emerges in spring. Some cultivars are hardy to USDA zones 7–8 with appropriate protection. Numerous cultivars have been developed from hybridization, particularly crosses involving the large-flowered A. grandiflora and A. longiflora.
