Brosimum alicastrum aka Breadnut

Brosimum alicastrum is a large evergreen tree in the fig family. Common names include breadnut, ramón, and Mayan breadnut. Kew places its native range from Mexico through Central America and the Caribbean. Other sources report a wider range into South America. It grows in hot tropical lowlands with a dry season. Wild trees occur in wet forests and dry limestone woods. Some sites flood during part of the year.

The tree forms a broad, rounded crown of deep green leaves. Its straight trunk develops buttresses near the base. Garden references give a height of about 98 feet [30 metres]. The crown can spread to about 82 feet [25 metres]. Some wild trees reach 148 feet [45 metres]. Growth is moderate, and the dense crown casts deep shade. Cut stems release latex. Sources disagree on whether wind or bees pollinate the flowers. Each yellow fruit holds one seed and measures about 0.08 feet [0.025 metres] across.

Breadnut grows best in rich soil that holds moisture but drains well. It accepts sand, loam, and clay. It also tolerates shallow limestone soils and some salt. Full sun or light shade suits it. The tree prefers moist ground but can withstand drought. Warm, humid conditions suit it best. PFAF lists USDA zones 10–12. Established trees may survive brief, light frost. This does not make them suited to cold climates. Fresh ripe seed and greenwood cuttings offer ways to raise plants.

The fruit and seeds provide food. People eat the seeds raw or cooked, though raw seeds taste bitter. Roasting gives them a nutty taste with hints of cacao. Boiled seeds can be mashed, while ground seeds can enrich tortillas. Soaked seeds also yield a drink used in place of coffee. Both PFAF and Useful Tropical Plants list no known hazards. That statement does not establish safety for every use or for pets.

The large crown suits shade planting in parks and other open spaces. The tree can also help reduce wind exposure. Farmers cut leaves and branches for livestock feed during dry months. Other uses include timber and latex for gum mixtures. Traditional remedies use its latex for coughs and sores. These reports describe local uses, not proven treatments. Both plant databases flag weed potential without grading its severity.