Cedrus deodara aka Deodar

Cedrus deodara is an evergreen tree in the pine family. Gardeners know it as deodar cedar or Himalayan cedar. Its native range runs from northeastern Afghanistan to western Nepal. It also grows wild in northwestern India. It forms forests in drier parts of the Himalayas. Pakistan names it as its national tree.

Garden trees often reach 40–70 feet [12–21 metres] tall. Their spread can reach 40 feet [12.2 metres]. Some landscape trees reach 80 feet [24.4 metres]. Wild trees can reach 200 feet [61 metres]. Growth is moderate, and the crown changes with age. Young trees have a broad, cone-shaped crown and drooping leader. Older trees spread out and may develop flat tops. Branch tips droop, while low branches may touch the ground. Smooth gray bark develops dark plates and deep cracks.

The needles range from gray-green to blue-green or silvery. Most grow in bunches on short spur shoots. Others grow singly along longer shoots. The tree has no flowers or true fruits. It bears both male and female cones. Upright male cones shed yellow pollen in autumn, then fall. Seed cones stand above the branches and take two years to ripen. They reach about four inches long. Ripe cones break apart on the tree to release seeds. Their central stalks may stay attached for several years.

Grow this cedar in full sun with good soil drainage. It prefers deep, acidic loam but tolerates other soil types. Established trees withstand drought, but wet soil can cause trouble. Shelter young trees from strong winds. Sources differ on cold tolerance, listing USDA zones 7–8 or zone 6. The RHS gives it a UK rating of H6. Frost can damage it, and winter survival depends on the site. It tolerates hot, humid summers better than other true cedars.

Large lawns offer room for its wide crown. It also serves as a screen, hedge, or shelterbelt. Birds and small mammals find food, cover, and nesting sites. Cone litter can make nearby paving messy. Routine pruning is not needed. Aphids, borers, tip blight, honey fungus, and root rot may occur. The tree has high flammability. Its durable, scented wood serves for building, furniture, and boats. Traditional medicine uses its wood, oil, resin, and bark. No edible uses or known hazards are reported.