Cornus controversa aka Table Dogwood

Cornus controversa, or giant dogwood, belongs to the dogwood family. This deciduous tree comes from a broad area of Asia. Its range includes the Himalayas, China, Japan, Korea and Vietnam. It also reaches Taiwan and the southern Kuril Islands. It grows in woods, hedges and thickets in its native range. Garden trees reach about 30–45 feet [9.1–13.7 metres] tall. Some sources report 50 feet [15 metres], with occasional trees reaching 60 feet [18.3 metres]. Its spread can reach 40 feet [12.2 metres].

The crown spreads out on slender branches arranged in tiers. Growth is moderate to fast, though full maturity takes decades. The smooth bark ranges from dark grey to yellow-grey. Young twigs are grey-green and turn red in winter. The leaves grow alternately along the stems, unlike most dogwoods. Each simple, oval leaf has a smooth edge. The upper surface is dark green; the underside looks silvery. Fall leaves may turn yellow or reddish-purple before they drop.

Small cream-white flowers form broad, flat cymes in May and June. These clusters make a clear display across the crown. Round drupes follow, ripening in late summer or early fall. The fruit changes from red to purple-black or blue-black. Birds and small mammals feed on the fruit. The tree also gives birds places to nest. Its blooms attract butterflies, adding wildlife value to a garden.

Grow this tree in sun or part shade. It does best where summers stay cool. Afternoon shade helps in places with hot summers. Give it rich, moist soil that drains well. Acid soil suits it, though RHS also lists neutral soil. It can grow in clay, loam or sand. Keep moisture steady and mulch the root zone. Sources list USDA zones 5–8 and UK hardiness H5. Its broad crown suits a large lawn or shade planting. Pruning may be needed for clearance beneath its branches.

Scale, leaf miners and borers can attack the tree. Disease risks include anthracnose, leaf spot, canker and root rot. Powdery mildew and honey fungus are also reported. Sources disagree on its resistance to twig blight. PFAF lists edible fruit but gives little guidance on use. It reports no known hazards, rather than proven safety. The leaves have folk uses for pain and swelling. Fruit oil also has uses in soap and lubricants.