Crassula rubricaulis aka Red Stem Crassula

Crassula rubricaulis is an easy succulent to grow, making it suitable for beginners. It tolerates neglect well and is drought-resistant once established thanks to CAM photosynthesis. The main care requirement is avoiding overwatering, which can cause root rot. As long as you provide well-draining soil and adequate light, this species is very forgiving.

Crassula rubricaulis forms a compact, rounded shrublet reaching 30-50 cm (12-20 inches) tall and spreading 50-100 cm (20-40 inches) wide. It has a much-branched growth habit with reddish stems that become woody and grey-brown with age. The branches naturally root where they touch the ground, allowing the plant to spread gradually. Growth rate is moderate.

Crassula rubricaulis propagates easily through stem cuttings, leaf cuttings, division, or seed. For stem cuttings, cut a healthy stem with 2-3 leaves, let it callous for 1-2 days, then plant in well-draining succulent mix. Leaf cuttings can be placed on moist succulent soil and covered until they sprout. Cuttings root quickly, typically within 2-3 weeks. The plant also naturally roots where stems touch the ground, and these rooted portions can be separated and replanted.

Crassula rubricaulis blooms from summer through autumn, producing small white star-shaped flowers about 5 mm long. The flowers appear in large, rounded clusters on red-tinged flowering stalks, creating an attractive red-and-white effect as they mature. In its native South Africa, flowering occurs from January to May. The flowers are mildly fragrant and attract pollinators.

Crassula rubricaulis is hardy in USDA zones 10a to 11b, tolerating minimum temperatures of 30°F (-1°C) to 50°F (10°C). It cannot survive hard frosts and should be brought indoors or protected when temperatures drop below 30°F. In its native South Africa, it grows in subtropical conditions along coastal mountains. The variegated 'Candy Cane' cultivar may tolerate slightly cooler temperatures down to 25°F (-4°C).

Repot Crassula rubricaulis when it outgrows its container or the soil becomes compacted, typically every 2-3 years. The best time is during the warm growing season (spring or summer). Before repotting, let the soil dry completely. Gently remove the plant, shake off old soil, and trim any dead or rotted roots. Place in fresh, well-draining succulent mix and wait about a week before watering to reduce the risk of root rot.

Crassula rubricaulis is susceptible to mealybugs and fungal diseases, which are common problems for succulents. Mealybugs appear as white cottony masses in leaf axils and can be treated with rubbing alcohol or insecticidal soap. Fungal diseases typically result from overwatering or poor drainage and cause root rot or stem rot. Ensure good air circulation and avoid wet foliage to prevent fungal issues.

The most notable variety is Crassula rubricaulis 'Candy Cane' (PP28111), a patented cultivar discovered as a natural branch mutation in 2012. This striking variegated form features tricolor leaves striped green and cream that blush vibrant pink in bright sunlight. It grows slightly smaller than the species (up to 30 cm tall). There is also a botanical variety, Crassula rubricaulis var. muirii, recognized in scientific literature.

Crassula rubricaulis can grow outdoors year-round in USDA zones 10a-11b where temperatures stay above 30°F (-1°C). It excels in rockeries, container gardens, terrace walls, and water-wise landscapes. Plant in a sunny location with well-draining soil. In cooler climates, grow it outdoors during warm months and bring inside before frost. It naturally grows on rocky outcrops in South Africa's coastal mountains.

Crassula rubricaulis is actively growing during the warmer months and may slow down or become semi-dormant in winter. During the growing season (spring through fall), water when soil is completely dry and provide bright light for best coloration. In winter, reduce watering significantly as the plant needs less moisture. Fertilize sparingly in mid-spring when active growth begins. Protect from frost in colder months.

Crassula rubricaulis generally requires minimal pruning. Trim leggy or overgrown stems to maintain a compact shape and encourage bushier growth. Remove any dead, damaged, or diseased portions as needed. Pruning is best done during the growing season when the plant recovers quickly. The removed healthy stem cuttings can be used for propagation.

Red Stem Crassula’s native range is South Africa.

Red Stem Crassula does best in dry soil and should only be watered sparingly.

When growing the Red Stem Crassula, it's important to use a potting soil that is well-draining and does not retain excessive moisture. An optimal soil mix should contain a high proportion of perlite or vermiculite for good drainage and some organic matter for nourishment. Simply add a few scoops of perlite to regular cactus soil to achieve this.

Red Stem Crassula requires abundant, bright, and direct light to thrive. The best placement for this plant is within one foot of a window to ensure it receives enough light. If you live in an area with more extreme weather, such as hot summers or cold winters, you may need to adjust the placement of the plant accordingly. During hot summer months, it is important to place the plant away from full sun, as this can cause the leaves to yellow or burn. During cold winter months, it is best to move the plant closer to the window to take advantage of the extra light that can help it survive. By keeping an eye on the current weather in your area, you can make sure your Red Stem Crassula is always in the right place to thrive.

Red Stem Crassula plants thrive in dry environments, however, if you choose to provide extra humidity or mist your plant, the lingering water on the leaves can create an ideal environment for certain types of harmful fungi.

The Red Stem Crassula grows at a slow pace and doesn't require any supplementary fertilizers. By renewing its potting soil once a year, it should receive enough nourishment. Remember, plants obtain their energy from sunlight, not fertilizers.

Ploi lacks confirmed information on the toxicity of this plant. If you, a relative, or your pet accidentally consume plant material with unknown toxicity, it's best to consult a medical expert.