Iris reticulata aka Netted Iris

Iris reticulata is a small iris that grows from bulbs. It belongs to the iris family, Iridaceae. Gardeners also call it reticulated iris or netted iris. Its native range runs from central and eastern Turkey eastward. It reaches Iran and the Kopet Da mountains of Turkmenistan. Other accounts include the Caucasus and northern Iraq. It comes from regions with a temperate climate.

Flower stems stand about 0.5–0.7 feet (0.15–0.20 m) tall. Each plant spreads about 0.26–0.33 feet (0.08–0.10 m). RHS lists a broader height band reaching 1.6 feet (0.5 m). Its own species account, though, describes a much shorter plant. Narrow, stiff leaves stand upright beside the flowers. They have four sides and look much like grass. Each plant has two to four leaves. Leaves reach flower height at bloom, then grow longer. The plant sheds its leaves rather than keeping them year-round.

Flowers open in March and April in the cited gardens. Bare stems carry blooms in blue to deep violet-purple shades. Each flower has a yellow or gold ridge on its falls. White marks may also show on these outer petals. The flowers measure roughly 2.5–3 inches across and smell sweet. Their low height places them among other early spring bulbs. They bloom near the same time as snowdrops and early crocuses.

Give this iris sun and soil that drains well. It also grows in partly shaded sites. RHS recommends neutral or slightly alkaline soil. The plant needs moderate water, but drier soil in summer. Summer dryness helps bulbs form buds for the next year. Plant bulbs in fall, about 3–4 inches deep. Small bulbs split off after flowering and take years to mature. Divide bulbs when flowering has dropped, rather than as routine care. RHS requires no pruning. Sources list USDA zones 5–9 and UK hardiness H7.

Plant groups in rock gardens, border fronts, or beside paths. Pots can bring flowers forward, and blooms suit cutting. Deer tend to leave the plant alone. Serious pest and disease trouble is uncommon, but problems can occur. Slugs, snails, and thrips may attack it. Viruses, soft rot, grey mould, and Fusarium rot are possible. This is not a food plant. Eating it can harm people and pets. RHS advises gloves and protective clothing when handling it.