Abies sachalinensis aka Hokkaido Fir

Abies sachalinensis, or Sakhalin fir, is an evergreen conifer. It belongs to the pine family, Pinaceae. Its native range spans the Russian Far East and northern Japan. This includes Sakhalin, the Kurile Islands, and Hokkaido. It grows on moist mountain slopes and in subalpine forests. These forests extend from near sea level into the mountains. The species comes from a temperate region with cool growing conditions.

The tree forms a broad, pyramidal crown with upright growth. RHS lists garden heights above 39 feet [12 metres]. Under ideal conditions, it can reach about 98 feet [30 metres]. Its listed spread is 13–26 feet [4–8 metres]. RHS gives a maturity period of 20–50 years. Its dark green needles stay on the tree year-round. They feel soft and have a narrow shape. Two pale, greenish-white stomatal lines mark each needle’s underside. The needles measure roughly 0.04–0.11 feet [0.012–0.035 metres] long. Young seed cones start purple-brown, then turn dark brown. They measure about 0.16–0.26 feet [0.05–0.08 metres] long. Plants For A Future lists red blooms during spring.

Grow this fir in full sun in a cool climate. It does best in deep soil that holds moisture but drains well. RHS accepts clay, loam, and sand as suitable soil types. Acid or neutral soil suits it, with slight acidity preferred. RHS lists both exposed and sheltered sites as suitable. Its UK hardiness rating is H7, indicating strong cold tolerance. Plants For A Future lists USDA zones 3–6. Seed provides a means of propagation, and routine pruning is unnecessary.

The lasting foliage and strong outline give this tree landscape value. RHS suggests it for architectural planting and city or courtyard gardens. Plants For A Future also places it in woodland garden canopies. Allow for its eventual height and broad crown when choosing space. Aphids and adelgids may attack it. RHS reports few disease problems, though honey fungus remains a risk.

The wood is light and soft, but lacks durability. Uses include pulp, boxes, construction, boat building, and water works. Plants For A Future records no known food or medicinal uses. It also reports no known hazards. That record does not establish that every part is safe to eat.