Acer pentaphyllum aka Five Lobe Maple

Acer pentaphyllum is a deciduous maple from southwestern Sichuan, China. It belongs to the soapberry family, Sapindaceae. Common names include Chinese maple and five-lobe maple. It grows in mixed forests and valleys in remote areas. Wild populations face severe threats, and sources describe it as nearing extinction. These threats include habitat loss, grazing, and cutting wood for fuel. Joseph Rock found it near Muli during a 1929 expedition.

This small tree can also grow as a large shrub. Trees reach about 20–30 feet [6.1–9.1 metres] in gardens. Their spread can reach 25 feet [7.6 metres]. Shrub forms may stand just 9–12 feet [2.7–3.7 metres] tall. Several stems form an upright crown with a vase shape. The open crown gives the plant a light, airy outline. Leaves grow in pairs along the stems. Each leaf has five narrow green leaflets that spread from one point. This gives the foliage a shape unlike many familiar maples. In autumn, leaves turn yellow, orange, or red.

Small yellow flowers appear from April to May. Each flower has five petals and eight stamens. The flowers add little to the garden display. The winged fruit is a samara, with wings spreading at a right angle. Foliage, form, and autumn colour provide the main garden interest. Grow it as a specimen in a small landscape. It also suits woodland edges and large containers. Finding plants for sale may prove difficult.

Choose full sun or a spot with some shade. This maple prefers cool, moist, acidic soil that drains well. It needs a moderate amount of water in cultivation. Missouri Botanical Garden lists USDA hardiness zones 7–9. It suggests that zone 6b may also be possible. Colder sites need more care when choosing a planting spot. Its advice for zone 6a includes shelter from strong winds. A good mulch over the roots also forms part of that advice.

Routine upkeep is low, and serious pest problems are uncommon. Even so, several diseases may affect this maple. These include verticillium wilt, leaf spots, tar spot, and canker. Root rots are another possible problem. Aphids, scale insects, borers, and caterpillars may also occur. Mites can affect the plant too.