Acer spicatum aka Moose Maple

Acer spicatum, commonly known as mountain maple, dwarf maple, moose maple, or white maple, is a species of maple native to northeastern North America. It can be found from Saskatchewan to Newfoundland, and south to Pennsylvania, as well as at high elevations in the southern Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia. This small, deciduous shrubby tree typically reaches heights of 6-8 meters and has a short trunk with downy shoots. The leaves are long, pointed, and 3-5 lobed, initially appearing mid-green but transforming into brilliant red and yellow hues during autumn. In early summer, dense greenish-yellow flowers bloom in slender upright panicles, followed by slender racemes of red winged fruits. Acer spicatum is a deciduous shrub or small tree with a spreading crown, a short trunk, and slender branches. Its opposite and simple leaves are 6-10 cm long and wide, with 3 or 5 shallow broad lobes. The leaves are coarsely and irregularly toothed, have a light green hairless surface, and a finely hairy underside. During autumn, the leaves turn a stunning yellow to red color. The bark, initially thin and dull gray-brown, becomes slightly scaly over time. The fruit of Acer spicatum is a paired reddish samara, maturing in late summer to early autumn. The juice of this species contains sugar and can be used for making maple syrup, while the bark contains tannins and can be utilized for tanning leather. Native Americans have traditionally soaked the heart of the young shoots of this maple to treat eye inflammation and used poultices made from boiled root chips. The fruit consists of winged seeds (samara) that can reach lengths of up to 1½ inches, typically turning bright red. Acer spicatum is the smallest of Minnesota's native Acer species, often growing as a tall shrub or small tree. It thrives in cool temperature regions and is mainly found in the higher elevations of the Appalachians in its eastern range. In Minnesota, it is frequently observed along the north shore of Lake Superior and up through the Arrowhead, becoming less common as you move westward. This species prefers cooler north and east facing slopes in the understory of larger trees. Although relatively short-lived, Acer spicatum can resprout vigorously from its roots if old canes are lost due to age, fire, or mechanical damage.