Aquilegia chrysantha aka Golden Columbine

Aquilegia chrysantha is known as golden or canary columbine. This perennial belongs to the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae. Its native range spans the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It grows in damp canyon sites within that range. Garden plants form leafy clumps with a bushy outline. Most reach 2–3 feet (0.6–0.9 m) tall and wide. Some plants reach 4 feet (1.2 m) tall. RHS gives a narrower spread, up to 1.6 feet (0.5 m).

The green leaves divide into three leaflets with lobed edges. Their fine divisions give the foliage a fernlike look. The smooth stems are green and round in cross-section. Sources describe the leaves as deciduous or partly evergreen. Large yellow flowers stand above the leaves, facing mostly upward. Each has five pointed sepals and five petals with backward spurs. Many yellow stamens fill the flower's center. The blooms have a light scent and suit cutting. Small follicles follow, changing from green to dark gray.

Flowering centers on spring and the start of summer. Missouri Botanical Garden lists April through May. NC State reports a longer season, from April through September. The flowers draw hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies to the garden. Golden columbine suits borders, cottage gardens, and rock gardens. It also fits open shade and areas left to naturalize. Deer and rabbits tend to leave it alone. Plants can seed themselves when gardeners leave spent flowers in place. Nearby columbines may cross with it.

Grow it in fertile soil that stays moist but drains well. It accepts several soil types and a broad pH range. Light or moderate shade suits it well. It also grows in sun, though hot summer sun can harm leaves. Hot, humid summers in the southeastern United States can cause trouble. Steady soil moisture helps keep the foliage looking fresh. Sources place it in USDA zones 4–8 or 4–9. RHS rates its UK hardiness H5.

Poor drainage can lead to crown rot. Aphids and spider mites may appear during hot, dry spells. Powdery mildew, downy mildew, and fungal leaf spots can occur. Leaves may fade or die back by midsummer. Cut tired foliage to ground level when it declines. Removing spent flower stems may bring more blooms. Plants need no routine pruning and reach full size within one to two years.