Asplenium bulbiferum aka Hen And Chickens

Asplenium bulbiferum is a perennial fern from New Zealand and nearby islands. It belongs to the spleenwort family, Aspleniaceae. Common names include mother fern, parsley fern, and hen and chickens fern. In New Zealand, it grows beside rivers in lowland forests. It also occurs in forests on lower mountain slopes. Its young fronds have a place in Māori food traditions.

The plant forms a rounded mound from a single crown. Its arching fronds can reach 4 feet [1.2 metres] tall. Growth proceeds at a moderate rate. The green leaves feel soft and have no hairs. Their finely divided, bipinnate form gives the plant a feathery look. Small plantlets grow along the fronds and reach about 0.16 feet [0.05 metres]. They drop to the soil and form new plants nearby. These young plants explain the hen and chickens name. The fern also makes spores in sori beneath its leaves. It has neither flowers nor fruit.

Moist soil rich in humus suits this fern best. The soil should be acidic and drain well. NC State recommends light ranging from dappled shade to deep shade. Chicago Botanic Garden also lists partial shade, but includes full sun. NC State warns that direct sun can turn fronds yellow. A shaded site sheltered from wind follows its growing guidance. Both sources place it in USDA zones 9–11. Plants For A Future questions its outdoor hardiness in Britain. It notes that new spring growth is tender to frost. Very sheltered sites may offer scope for outdoor trials there.

The foliage suits pots, hanging baskets, and shaded woodland beds. Gardeners can use it alone or in groups. It also serves as ground cover or a houseplant. NC State lists resistance to deer and heavy shade. Serious pest and disease problems are not usual. Aphids, slugs, and snails may still need attention. Good airflow helps meet its care needs. Too much water can lead to crown rot. Crowded roots can also cause yellow fronds.

Māori gather young fronds and eat them raw or cooked. Plants For A Future also records cooked roots as edible. It gives the plant a low food-use rating. That source reports no known medicinal uses. ASPCA lists it as non-toxic to dogs, cats, and horses. Plants For A Future reports no toxicity specific to this species.