Berberis microphylla aka Calafate

Berberis microphylla is a shrub from Chile and Argentina. It belongs to the barberry family, Berberidaceae. Common names include calafate, box-leaved barberry, and Magellan barberry. The RHS lists Berberis buxifolia as a synonym. Calafate has a strong link with Patagonia as a regional symbol. In the wild, it grows in coastal scrub and forest edges. It also occurs in clearings and damp parts of grassland.

This upright shrub has branches that bend into arches. Its oval leaves feel leathery and range from mid to dark green. It may keep all its leaves or lose some. Garden plants reach about 5–8 feet [1.5–2.5 metres] tall. Their spread reaches about 8–13 feet [2.5–4 metres]. The RHS gives five to ten years to reach full size. Its broad shape suits hedges and screens where space allows.

Yellow to orange flowers open in spring. Blue-black berries follow in autumn. PFAF describes fruits about 0.3 inches long, with little acid and mild astringency. The berries can be eaten fresh or made into preserves. The RHS also mentions their use in beer. PFAF reports that unripe fruit can go into pies. However, the RHS gives conflicting food and safety guidance. Its description calls the fruit edible, while its warning discourages eating ornamental fruit. Correct identification matters, since its advice warns against eating other barberries.

Choose moist soil that drains well for garden plants. This shrub accepts sand, loam, clay, and chalk. It also grows in acid, neutral, or alkaline soil. Give it full sun for the strongest flower and fruit display. Partial shade is also suitable for growth. The RHS lists both exposed and sheltered sites as suitable. It assigns the plant a UK hardiness rating of H7. PFAF gives USDA zones 4–8. Growers can raise new plants from semi-hardwood cuttings.

The shrub suits coastal gardens, courtyards, and informal planting. It can also grow in beds, borders, and containers. PFAF lists woodland edges and food forests among its uses. The root yields a yellow dye. Aphids and berberis sawfly may attack the plant. Powdery mildew may also occur. The RHS advises gloves and other protection when handling it. Its safety notice also warns against pets eating the fruit.