Blitum capitatum aka Indian Ink

Blitum capitatum is an annual herb in the amaranth family. Common names include strawberry blite, strawberry spinach, and Indian paint. The name Chenopodium capitatum refers to the same species. Its native range spans subarctic America and northern and west-central United States. It grows in temperate regions, including parts of Canada and Alaska. It is not native to Britain or Ireland.

The plant grows upright and has leaves shaped like triangles. Garden plants reach about 2 feet [0.6 metres] tall. The RHS gives a height range of 1.6–3.3 feet [0.5–1 metre]. Spread ranges from 0.3–1.6 feet [0.1–0.5 metres]. Tiny, pale green flowers form clusters along the stems in summer. Red, fleshy seed heads follow the flowers. These look like small strawberries, which explains several common names. They are not true berries, despite their fruit-like form. The plant completes its life cycle within one year.

Grow it in moist soil that drains well. It suits soil with a moderate level of fertility. Full sun and partial shade both suit this species. RHS lists chalk, loam, and sand as suitable soils. It also accepts acid, neutral, and alkaline conditions. Choose a sheltered site in an informal or cottage garden. Raised beds offer another place to grow it. Propagate it from seed; it needs no pruning. RHS rates its hardiness H5, while PFAF lists USDA zones 3–9. RHS reports few problems with pests or disease.

The leaves, fruit-like heads, and seeds have food uses. Young leaves are preferred and can replace spinach in meals. Eat them cooked, or use small amounts raw in salads. The red heads can also be eaten raw or cooked. Their taste is sweet but mild, despite their bright colour. Preparing the seeds for food takes more work. PFAF notes oxalates, so edible does not mean safe in unlimited amounts. Its safety notes advise keeping raw leaf portions small.

The red seed heads add colour to planted beds. They also provide food for small birds and mammals. The whole plant can yield gold or green dyes. The red heads provide dye for paint and cosmetics. PFAF records past uses for bruises and lung congestion. These are traditional uses, not proof of medical benefit.