Caragana brevispina

Caragana brevispina is a deciduous shrub in the pea family, Fabaceae. Its common names include long-stalked pea-shrub and Bebali kanda. Its native range spans Afghanistan, Central Asia, and the western and central Himalaya. It grows in a temperate climate and in mountain forests. Wild plants occur beneath firs and oaks, and in open glades. They also grow on dry ridges. Recorded habitats lie at 4,920–8,860 feet [1,500–2,700 metres] above sea level.

This fast-growing shrub reaches about 8.2 feet [2.5 metres] tall. Its spread reaches about 5.9 feet [1.8 metres]. It loses its leaves for winter and bears many spines. These make a dense hedge a strong barrier. Flowers open in June, and seeds ripen in September. Each flower has both male and female organs. Bees pollinate the flowers, but the plant is also self-fertile. It attracts wildlife and suits a sunny woodland edge.

Give this shrub full sun and soil that drains well. It cannot grow in shade. Sandy and loamy soils suit it, including soils low in nutrients. It grows in mildly acid, neutral, or mildly alkaline ground. It accepts dry or moist soil. Once established, it withstands drought and can tolerate strong winds. Plants For A Future lists USDA zones 4–9. It also reports survival at temperatures of at least −20°C. Hot summers and cold winters suit it best. Growth is less successful in the milder west of Britain.

Root nodules house bacteria that fix nitrogen from the air. The plant uses some of this nitrogen for growth. Its wide root system helps hold soil against erosion. This gives it a role on slopes and marginal ground. Gardeners can also grow it as a spiny hedge. Its wood is hard and close-grained. People at high elevations use it as fuel. These uses add value beyond its flowers and wildlife interest.

Plants For A Future records cooked seeds as edible. They contain much protein and have served as emergency food. A reported tasting found the seeds distinctly bitter. Young buds can also be cooked as a green vegetable. Reports of toxins remain unconfirmed; this does not establish complete safety. A traditional use involves a plant decoction for aching joints. That record does not show that the treatment works.