Catananche caerulea aka Cupid's Dart

Catananche caerulea is a short-lived perennial in the daisy family, Asteraceae. Gardeners also know it as blue-flowered Cupid's dart. Its native range runs from central Europe to the western Mediterranean. It grows in temperate regions and is not native to Britain or Ireland. This herbaceous plant loses its leaves for winter. Its bushy form suits beds and informal garden borders.

Plants reach about 1.6–3 feet [0.5–0.9 metres] in height. The RHS gives an upper garden height of 3.3 feet [1 metre]. Spread ranges from 0.3–1.6 feet [0.1–0.5 metres]. The narrow, upright leaves have a grass-like look. Branched stems carry daisy-like blooms with dark centres. Their colour ranges from blue to lavender and violet-blue. Each flower spans about 0.1–0.16 feet [0.03–0.05 metres]. The papery seedheads add interest after the flowers fade.

Flowers appear from July to September, spanning midsummer into autumn. Butterflies visit the blooms. Plant groups can give a stronger display in beds. The plant also suits the front of borders and cottage gardens. Grow it in cutting gardens for fresh or dried displays. Its flowers offer colour during summer, while its seedheads extend its garden interest. Both flowers and seedheads contribute to its value in a border.

Choose a site in full sun with soil that drains well. Chalk, loam and sand all suit it. It accepts acid, neutral and alkaline soils. The RHS reports good drought resistance, while Missouri Botanical Garden lists medium water needs. Avoid soil that holds water, since heavy soil can shorten its life. The RHS rates it H5 for UK hardiness. Missouri Botanical Garden lists USDA zones 4–7. Plants take about two to five years to reach full size.

Care needs are low, but the plant may not live long. Cut it back once flowering ends. Raise new plants from seed, or divide plants in spring. Winter root cuttings provide another way to grow more. The RHS describes it as largely free of pests. Missouri Botanical Garden reports no major insect or disease concerns. Both sources flag powdery mildew as a possible problem. Good drainage remains a key part of growing this short-lived perennial.