Cenchrus setaceus aka Fountain Grass

Cenchrus setaceus is a tender perennial grass in the Poaceae family. Gardeners also know it by the name Pennisetum setaceum. Its common names include fountain grass and African fountain grass. Its native range runs from North Africa to Afghanistan and Tanzania. It grows in dry, open scrub, rocky slopes, and stony grasslands. It forms dense clumps rather than a woody frame.

Garden plants reach 2–4 feet [0.61–1.22 metres] in height. Clumps can spread 3–4 feet [0.91–1.22 metres] across. Narrow leaves arch out from the base in a fountain shape. The foliage can reach 3 feet [0.91 metres] tall. Flower stems rise above the leaves to about 4 feet [1.22 metres]. The species has green leaves with a rough feel. Leaves clasp the stems at their bases. They may turn yellow or gold in fall.

Flowers appear from July through October, with frost ending the display. Long spikes hold small flowers with featherlike bristles. These give each flower head a soft, brushlike look. Flower colors include pink, purple, and deep red. The small spikelets contain one to three flowers. Purple fruit follows in fall. The plant draws birds to the garden. Gardeners use the stems in fresh flower arrangements. The flower heads add height and contrast above lower plants.

Full sun gives the best growth, though plants tolerate partial shade. They accept clay, loam, sand, and shallow, rocky ground. Good drainage matters more than a single soil type. Average moisture suits garden growth, but plants also withstand drought. Sources place hardiness within USDA zones 9–11. In colder places, gardeners grow this perennial as an annual. Frost kills plants where winters are too cold. Plants grow fast and may need support. They suit borders, bedding schemes, groups, and single accent plantings.

Seed spread is the main problem with this grass. It seeds freely where the climate allows it to persist. It has become invasive in parts of the southwestern United States. Fire may help it spread, according to Plants For A Future. Missouri Botanical Garden reports no major insect or disease problems. Deer tend to leave it alone. Its coarse leaves offer little value for grazing. Plants For A Future lists seeds as edible but lacks detailed species-specific food information. That gap limits firm claims about eating them. The same source records no known medicinal uses or hazards.