Colchicum bulbocodium aka Autumn Crocus, Meadow Saffron, Naked Lady Or Colchicum

Colchicum bulbocodium is known as spring meadow saffron. It belongs to the Colchicaceae family and grows from corms. These underground organs are not true bulbs. Its native range spans European mountains to the northern Caucasus. It grows in temperate regions and returns each year. The plant loses its leaves during summer dormancy.

This small plant forms upright tufts close to the ground. RHS gives a height and spread of 0.33 feet [0.1 metres]. NC State lists larger plants, reaching 0.75 feet [0.23 metres] tall and wide. The green leaves are long and strap-shaped. RHS records leaves up to 0.66 feet [0.2 metres] long. They emerge after the flowers, then die back in summer. NC State reports longer, lance-shaped leaves, showing some disagreement over foliage size.

Pink, rose, or lilac flowers mark the start of spring. Each corm can carry up to three blooms. The flowers rise from bare soil before the leaves appear. Their narrow petals give them a light, open look. Chicago Botanic Garden notes that lengthening flowers lean toward the ground. Its bloom listings span March through June. RHS also describes spring bloom, while NC State gives conflicting autumn dates. Spring flowering has stronger support across these sources.

Grow this plant in sun or partial shade. Give it moist soil that drains well. RHS lists chalk, clay, loam, and sand as suitable. It also accepts acid, neutral, and alkaline soil. Chicago Botanic Garden advises against letting the soil dry out. RHS rates its hardiness H7; Chicago lists USDA zones 3–8. Plants take two to five years to mature. Propagate them by seed or division. They need no pruning and suit beds, borders, and informal gardens. Sources also suggest meadow planting and use as groundcover. Bees and butterflies visit the flowers. Deer and rabbits tend to avoid the plant.

RHS reports few pest or disease troubles. NC State advises watching for slugs and snails. All parts listed by NC State contain a serious poison risk. These include flowers, leaves, roots, and stems. The plant contains colchicine and must not be eaten. Swallowing it can cause vomiting, cramps, and severe illness. Poisoning can be fatal, and pets are also at risk. Contact can irritate skin, so RHS advises gloves when handling it.