Cotoneaster microphyllus aka Small Leaf Cotoneaster

Cotoneaster microphyllus is known as littleleaf or small-leaved cotoneaster. This low shrub belongs to the rose family. It keeps all or part of its leaves through winter. Its native range spans the Himalayas, parts of China, and northern Myanmar. It grows on rocky slopes, in thickets, and on grassy hillsides. Wild plants also occur in high mountain sites and river valleys.

Garden plants reach 2–3 feet [0.61–0.91 metres] tall. They spread 6–8 feet [1.83–2.44 metres] wide. Oregon State also records plants just 1 foot [0.30 metres] tall. Stiff branches spread out near the ground. Creeping stems take root, while smaller branches grow upright. The small, simple leaves grow in an alternate pattern. Their dark green tops shine above woolly, grey undersides. The oval leaves have smooth edges that tend to curl down.

White flowers open along the branches from April to June. Each small bloom is about one-third of an inch across. The flowers often grow alone and have five petals. Bees and other pollinators visit the plant. Round red pomes follow the flowers and last into winter. Each fruit measures about one-quarter of an inch across. The fruit and lasting leaves give winter colour. The shrub also attracts birds and provides wildlife cover.

Grow it in sun or part shade with good drainage. Moist loam with moderate fertility gives the best growth. It also tolerates poor soil, including rocky ground. Established plants cope with drought, but wet soil poses problems. Sources place it in USDA zones 5–7. Hot, humid summers in the deep South do not suit it. It needs little upkeep and grows at a moderate rate. Grow new plants from seeds or stem cuttings.

Use it in rock gardens, woodland gardens, or low hedges. Its roots and rooting stems help hold soil on slopes. Branches serve for basket work; fruit yields a rose-tan dye. Leaves have a recorded use as incense. Fire blight, leaf spots, and canker can affect this shrub. Webworms, lacebugs, and mites may also cause harm. Dense growth can trap dead leaves and debris. It has escaped gardens, so avoid sites where spread threatens nearby land. NC State and Missouri Botanical Garden list cooked fruit as edible. PFAF reports raw use, but questions its edibility. Missouri Botanical Garden advises against eating it raw.