Deschampsia cespitosa aka Tufted Hair Grass

Deschampsia cespitosa is a perennial grass in the Poaceae family. Its common names include tufted hair grass and tussock grass. Its native range spans subarctic and temperate lands, plus tropical mountains. It is native to Britain and Ireland. This cool-season grass grows in dense clumps rather than spreading mats. Gardeners grow it for its fine leaves and open flowers.

Garden plants often reach about 3 feet (0.91 metres) in flower. The RHS gives heights up to 4.9 feet (1.5 metres). Clumps often spread 1–2 feet (0.3–0.61 metres). The RHS allows a spread of 3.3 feet (1 metre). Dark green leaves form a low mound beneath the stems. Each narrow blade can reach 2 feet (0.61 metres) long. Blades may lie flat or curl inward along their edges. The foliage may stay green through winter in mild conditions.

Flower stems rise above the leaves in summer. Missouri Botanical Garden lists bloom from July to September. The loose panicles reach about 1.7 feet (0.51 metres) long. Their tiny flowers mix green, purple, silver, and gold tones. Light shining through the heads makes their fine shape stand out. The heads turn pale tan as their seeds ripen. Each fruit is a grain, known as a caryopsis. Seed heads can remain through winter and add garden interest. The flowers also suit cutting, and the plants attract songbirds.

Light to moderate shade suits this grass well. It can grow in sun, though NC State notes poorer results. Too much shade limits flowering. It prefers moist soil with plenty of organic matter. Well-drained clay, loam, and sand can all suit it. The RHS lists acid to neutral soil, with acid conditions preferred. It grows in USDA zones 4–9 and carries RHS rating H6. Use it in woodland beds, borders, meadows, or beside ponds. It also suits pots and groups among ferns and hostas.

Care needs are low, and serious pest problems are uncommon. Rust can occur. Cut old growth down in late winter or early spring. Do this before new shoots emerge. Leave flower stems for winter interest, or remove them in autumn. Plants may seed themselves when conditions suit them. Sow seed in spring or autumn, or divide in early summer. The species tolerates salt, urban conditions, and black walnut.