Elaeagnus macrophylla aka Broadleaf Oleaster

Elaeagnus macrophylla is an evergreen shrub in the Elaeagnaceae family. Gardeners also know it as oleaster or large-flowered oleaster. Its native range spans eastern China, southern Korea, Japan and Taiwan. It grows in lowland thickets, often near the sea. Its broad shape suits gardens with room for spreading growth.

Garden plants often reach 8–12 feet (2.4–3.7 metres) tall. RHS gives an upper height of 13 feet (4 metres). Spread varies from about 12–16 feet (3.7–5 metres). RHS lists a wider upper spread of 26 feet (8 metres). This fast-growing shrub has branches without spines. Silver scales coat the young shoots and fresh leaves. The broad, rounded leaves turn glossy dark green above. Their undersides stay silver, giving the foliage a clear contrast. Leaves can reach about 5½ inches (14 centimetres) long.

Small white to cream flowers open in October and November. They grow in clusters where leaves join the stems. The flowers lack petals and have a strong scent. Some plants produce few blooms. Red, oval fruits ripen from late March through May. Each fruit holds one large seed within a fibrous case. People eat both the fruit and seeds raw or cooked. Fully ripe fruit has a rich taste. Unripe fruit can taste astringent, and crops vary between plants. PFAF lists no known hazards for this species.

Grow it in full sun or part shade. It accepts many soils, including poor ground, clay and sand. Light sandy loam suits it well, but good drainage matters most. Avoid wet soil and very shallow chalk. Give it moderate moisture while it establishes. Established plants withstand drought and exposed coastal sites. It grows in USDA zones 7–9 and holds RHS rating H5. It may reach its full size within five to ten years.

Use it as a hedge, screen, windbreak or border backdrop. Its evergreen leaves give cover through winter. It tolerates regular clipping and regrows after hard cutting. Confined sites may need frequent pruning to control its spread. Plants may also seed themselves in the garden. Serious pest and disease problems are uncommon, but some occur. Watch for spider mites and elaeagnus sucker. Leaf spot, rust, honey fungus and coral spot may affect it. Cuttings, layering and seed offer ways to raise new plants.