Euphorbia meloformis aka Melon Spurge

Euphorbia meloformis, or melon spurge, belongs to the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. This small succulent comes from South Africa's Eastern Cape. Its native range covers the central and southern province. Wild populations occur near the Zwartkops River, Grahamstown and Peddie. It grows in a subtropical climate and can live for many years.

The plant grows slowly and forms clumps as it ages. RHS gives a cultivated height and spread of 0.3–1.6 feet [0.1–0.5 metres]. Individual stems reach about 0.4 feet [0.125 metres] across. These rounded stems have no leaves or spines. Each has eight to twelve raised, angled ribs. Thin green and purple-bronze bands run across the ribs. The marks vary between plants, giving each a different pattern. Older plants may form new shoots, called offsets, around their base. RHS lists two to five years to reach mature size.

Small greenish-yellow flowers appear in spring and summer. They grow on stalks near the tops of the ribs. The stalks dry after flowering but stay on the plant. These lasting stalks help distinguish it from the similar Euphorbia obesa. Male and female flowers grow on separate plants. Both sexes must be present for plants to set seed. LLIFLE notes that plants may first flower after four to six years.

Give this species sun or partial shade and soil that drains well. A mineral-based mix suits it, as do sandy or loamy soils. It accepts acid, neutral and alkaline conditions. Water lightly in summer and keep it dry in winter. It withstands drought, but it cannot survive freezing. RHS rates its hardiness as H2, with a minimum range of 1–5°C. Choose a sheltered site when growing it outdoors. Move shade-grown plants into full sun in stages. A sudden move can cause severe scorch.

Melon spurge suits pots, patios, greenhouses and conservatories. Gardeners also grow it as a houseplant. Its ribbed shape and coloured bands provide interest beyond flowering. Grow new plants from seed or remove offsets for propagation. Sow seeds in spring or summer. The plant needs no pruning and has few disease problems. Check for mealybugs, which can attack it. It is harmful if people or pets eat it. Contact can also irritate skin and eyes. Wear gloves and other protection when handling the plant.