Grindelia lanceolata aka Narrowleaf Gumweed

Grindelia lanceolata is in the aster family, Asteraceae. Names include gum plant, narrow-leaved gumweed, and spiny-toothed gumweed. It is native to the central and east-central United States. Its range runs south from Tennessee, Missouri, and Kansas. This native range includes Texas and Alabama. It grows in limestone glades and on rocky prairies. It grows on bare hilltops too. Plants also grow in several states outside this range. People likely brought some of those plants to these states.

This wildflower lives for two years or a few years. It forms a clump of soft stems, not a woody shrub. In gardens, it grows 2–3 feet (0.61–0.91 m) tall. It spreads about 2 feet (0.61 m) wide. Its narrow leaves have the shape of a lance. They grow in turns along the stems, not in pairs. Each leaf can reach 0.33 feet (0.10 m) long. Teeth line the leaf edges, and bristles tip the teeth. These teeth help explain the name spiny-toothed gumweed.

Its main garden show comes from its bright yellow flowers. They bloom from June through September. Their color suits borders and beds of mixed wildflowers. The plant also suits cottage gardens and prairie plantings. It fits glade gardens too. It can grow in wild areas where plants may spread. When the site suits it, it can spread by seed. It now grows on disturbed ground beyond its first habitats. Look for it in unused fields and by roads. It also grows along rail lines and on waste ground. Gardeners may find it in these places too.

Grow gum plant in full sun, in soil that drains well. It grows in average garden soil and tolerates poor soil. It prefers soil that is dry to somewhat moist. In the wild, it also grows in lime-rich Texas soils. Missouri Botanical Garden lists USDA zones 4–8 for this plant. It needs little care when the site meets its needs. Plants For A Future lists spring or autumn seed sowing. It also lists spring division, or splitting plants, and cuttings.

Reports of serious pests and diseases are not common. Soil that drains poorly can lead to root rot. Watch for scale insects and mealybugs on the plants. Plants For A Future lists no known hazards. This does not prove it is safe for people or pets. Its claims for food, medicine, and dye concern another species. Those reports do not confirm these uses for Grindelia lanceolata.