Matricaria chamomilla aka Hungarian Chamomile

Matricaria chamomilla, or German chamomile, is in the daisy family. Most plants grow as annual herbs and live one year. Some may live for a short time as perennials. Its native range includes Macaronesia and North Africa. It also spans temperate Eurasia to Indo-China. It grows in fields, by roads, and on other disturbed ground. Wild plants also grow on Europe's salty steppes. Gardeners grow it for flowers, scent, tea, and other uses.

The plant grows fast into an upright mound with branches. Garden plants reach about 1.1–2.5 feet [0.33–0.76 metres] tall. Another account gives heights up to 2.6 feet [0.8 metres]. A thin root supports the plant and its branches. Its light green leaves look fine and fern-like. Each compound leaf splits into narrow parts like threads. The leaves have a scent but lack hairs. Their fine texture sets off the bright flower heads.

Flowers open through summer and into fall. Each head has white rays around a raised yellow centre. Many small florets, shaped like tubes, fill the centre. A head bears about 10–20 white rays. The flowers have a scent and suit drying. Bees and flies visit them and spread their pollen. The long bloom season keeps the plant of interest in gardens.

Grow German chamomile in full sun, in soil that drains well. It also copes with some shade. It grows in loam and clay. Wild plants grow in sandy soils, too. Sources say it grows with ease and needs little care. NC State lists it for USDA zones 2–8. This does not mean young plants can bear frost. The growing account warns that a freeze can cause severe harm to young growth. Growers raise it from seed. Its weedy growth on disturbed ground may need watching. It suits herb beds, pots, rock gardens, and border edges. Plant it near paths or seats to bring its scent close.

The flowers have food uses, such as tea and garnishes. Young sprigs can add flavour to food. The tea tastes fragrant but bitter. The plant yields oil for flavourings, perfumes, and cosmetics. Dried flowers suit potpourri and craft work. Herbal practice has used it for gut complaints and nervous tension. These past uses do not prove it safe for everyone. NC State rates its poison effects as low. Some people may get sore skin or swelling in the mouth. Those with ragweed or related daisy-family allergies should avoid contact and chamomile products.