Momordica charantia aka Bitter Gourd

Taxonomy

Momordica charantia, also known as bitter melon, goya, bitter apple, bitter gourd, bitter squash, balsam-pear, and many other names, is a climbing vine of the family Cucurbitaceae. It is widely grown in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean for its edible fruit, which comes in many varieties that differ in shape and bitterness. The plant originated in Africa, where it was a staple food for ǃKung hunter-gatherers during the dry season. It spread across Asia in prehistory and was likely fully domesticated in Southeast Asia. Bitter melon is widely used in the cuisines of East Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. This fast-growing plant can reach heights of up to 8 feet in one season and is often grown as an annual in colder climates. It is a vigorous, tendril-bearing, frost-tender, and annual vine that can grow rapidly to 12-20’ long in a single growing season. Some gardeners cultivate the plant for its edible fruit and vine while others simply enjoy the tropical appearance it adds to the landscape. To grow it, start the seed indoors about 4 weeks prior to the last spring frost date.

Common names

Bitter Gourd, Bitter Melon, Balsam Apple

How to care for Bitter Gourd

Difficulty

Bitter Gourd is a low-maintenance plant that requires minimal attention, making it an excellent choice for beginners.

Water

Bitter Gourd should be watered regularly, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings.

Soil

Bitter Gourd loves a well-draining soil. Perlite and vermiculite help with drainage, while coco coir adds organic matter, so a good potting soil mix will have all three. You can improve store-bought soil by adding some perlite to it.

Lighting

Bitter Gourd requires abundant, bright and direct light. Placing it less than one foot from a window is the best way to make sure the plant receives enough light to survive and thrive. Depending on your region, however, the current weather can affect the placement of the plant in your home. For example, in some areas the sun may be too direct and intense, so it's best to place it farther away from the window. You may also need to adjust your placement according to the season as the sunlight can change intensity over the course of the year. If you live in a region with significant temperature fluctuations, such as a desert, you may need to place the plant a bit farther away from the window to avoid extreme heat or cold. With some care and attention, your Bitter Gourd will be sure to bring you many years of beauty and enjoyment.

Dormancy

During the cold period, it is common for Bitter Gourd to go dormant and their growth may slow down, so waterings should be spaced out more during this period.

Toxicity

Bitter Gourd is poisonous if ingested. We suggest keeping this plant out of reach if you have children, cats, or dogs in the home.


More info:
Wikipedia