Musa basjoo aka Japanese Banana
Taxonomy ID: 2587
Musa basjoo, or Japanese banana, belongs to the banana family. Despite its name, it comes from southern China, including Sichuan. Older accounts placed its origin in Japan. It also grows in Japan and Korea. This fast-growing herbaceous perennial spreads by suckers to form clumps. Gardeners grow it for its bold leaves, not edible bananas.
Garden plants reach 6–14 feet [1.8–4.3 metres] tall and wide. RHS gives a narrower spread of 5–8 feet [1.5–2.5 metres]. Its account also notes heights of 16 feet [5 metres]. Overlapping leaf bases form a thick, green pseudostem, or false trunk. Bright green leaves arch out from its top. They reach 6 feet [1.8 metres] long and 2 feet [0.6 metres] wide. RHS records longer leaves, reaching about 10 feet [3 metres]. Each pseudostem dies after flowering and fruiting. New shoots grow from the roots to replace it.
Mature plants may bear cream or yellow tubular flowers in summer. The flower clusters hang from the top of the pseudostem. Dark red to purple bracts surround the flowers. Small green or yellow fruits may follow. These contain little white flesh and many black seeds. The fruit is not edible, though PFAF lists sweet, drinkable flower nectar. Plants cut down each autumn may never bloom. The leaves make a bold focal point beside patios or pools. This banana also suits large pots and garden borders.
Give it full sun, rich soil, and good drainage. Some shade helps during the hottest part of the day. Keep the soil moist, but avoid wet container compost. Feed plants through the growing season and shelter them from wind. Strong winds can tear the large leaves. Sources list USDA zones 5–10, with winter protection in colder areas. Well-mulched roots can survive temperatures down to −10°F. Top growth dies back in zones 5–8. Plants may stay evergreen in zones 9–10. RHS assigns H2 under UK conditions, so these ratings need context.
Indoor plants can attract aphids, mites, mealybugs, and scale. Outdoors, grasshoppers, borers, and root nematodes may cause trouble. Anthracnose, wilt, and mosaic virus are also reported. RHS describes the plant as largely free from disease. Its fibres have uses in cloth, sails, and paper. Sources record traditional medicinal uses for several plant parts. PFAF reports no known hazards.
Common names
Japanese Banana, Japanese Fibre Banana, Basjoo, Hardy BananaMore information about Japanese Banana
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Sources
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