Nageia wallichiana aka Brown's Pine

Nageia wallichiana belongs to the Podocarpaceae family. It is an evergreen conifer and keeps its leaves year-round. Its native range spans southwest India, Assam, Yunnan and Malesia. It grows in wet tropical forests, and some subtropical ones. Trees grow from lowlands to forested mountain ridges. They can grow beneath the canopy or reach its top layers. The species is still widespread. Yet logging and forest clearance have caused losses. The cited 2013 IUCN assessment lists it as Least Concern.

Reports of its size vary. Garden sources give about 33–66 feet [10–20 metres]. PFAF lists a spread of 66 feet [20 metres]. Wild trees can reach 177 feet [54 metres]. The crown forms a cone, and branches stretch out level. Large trees have straight, round trunks with long, bare parts. These may lack branches for 98 feet [30 metres]. Trunks can reach about 2 feet [0.6 metres] across. The largest trees grow in lowland rainforest and reach the canopy. Their trunks tend to stay slim and lack buttresses.

Male and female cones grow on separate trees. Wind moves pollen from one tree to the next. Plants cannot use their own pollen to form seeds. Both sexes must grow together to produce fruit and seed. The supplied accounts give no flowering season. They also give no full account of the cones. They list seed as the means to grow new plants. PFAF says the tree grows at a medium rate.

This tree suits warm, moist sites where soil drains well. It grows in sand, loam and clay, even on poor sites. It accepts slightly acid, neutral and slightly alkaline soil. PFAF reports growth in deep shade, light shade and full sun. It lists USDA zones 9–12. Even so, the tree needs a tropical climate. Records from sites where people collected it show high rainfall. They also show warm winters. People also grow the tree for its looks, outside woodlands.

People value its wood for furniture, instruments, crafts and building. They also use it for tools, veneer and plywood. Other uses include small canoes and fuel. The trunk gives off a scented, orange-red resin. Local medicine uses the leaves for coughs and painful joints. These records show past and local use. They do not prove that such treatment is safe. PFAF lists no known food use and no known hazards. This does not prove safety for people or pets. The supplied sources name no specific pests or diseases.