Phlox maculata aka Meadow Phlox

Phlox maculata is a perennial wildflower in the phlox family. Common names include meadow phlox and wild sweet William. It comes from the central and eastern United States. Wild plants grow in damp meadows, low woods, and along rivers. Its native range reaches from New York south to North Carolina. It extends west to Minnesota and Iowa.

Plants form upright clumps, reaching 2–3 feet [0.61–0.91 metres] tall. They spread 1–2 feet [0.30–0.61 metres] wide in gardens. Slender rhizomes and scattered seeds can build larger colonies over time. The smooth, round, green stems bear red or purple spots. Most stems have few or no branches. Dark green leaves grow in opposite pairs without leaf stalks. Their glossy blades have broad bases and long, sharp tips. Leaf edges can be smooth or bear fine teeth.

The scented flowers bloom from July through September. Each small, tubular flower opens into five lobes. Pinkish-purple is the main colour, though white flowers also occur. Dense, upright panicles crown the stems. Sources describe flower clusters reaching 0.67–1 foot [0.20–0.30 metres] long. Butterflies, moths, and hummingbirds visit the blooms. Small oval capsules follow, each divided into three seed chambers. Songbirds eat the seeds. The flowers suit perennial borders, cottage gardens, and native meadows.

Grow meadow phlox in full sun or light shade. It prefers rich soil that holds moisture but drains well. Loam, silt, or sandy loam suit it well. It cannot cope with drought and needs water during dry spells. Mulch helps keep roots cool and soil moist. Remove spent flower clusters to extend bloom and limit seedlings. Plants may die back after flowering. Poor growing conditions can shorten their lives. Missouri Botanical Garden lists USDA zones 5–8; NC State lists 3–8.

Leave space for air to move through the stems. Avoid watering the leaves from above. This species resists powdery mildew better than garden phlox. Mildew can still cause trouble, as can root rot. Spider mites pose a risk in hot, dry weather. The plant also offers some resistance to deer. NC State records a Cherokee use of root infusion as a wash. That historical use does not establish food value or safety.