Taraxacum aka Dandelion

Taraxacum, also known as dandelions, is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The genus is native to Eurasia and North America, but the two most commonplace species worldwide, T. officinale and T. erythrospermum, were introduced from Europe into North America, where they now propagate as wildflowers. The common name dandelion is also given to specific members of the genus. Like other members of the Asteraceae family, dandelions have very small flowers collected together into a composite flower head. Each single flower in a head is called a floret. In part due to their abundance, dandelions are one of the most vital early spring nectar sources for a wide host of pollinators. Many Taraxacum species produce seeds asexually by apomixis, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent plant. The leaves are 50–250 mm long or longer, simple, lobed-to-pinnatisect, and form a basal rosette above the central taproot. The flower heads are yellow to orange coloured, and are open in the daytime, but closed at night. The heads are borne singly on a hollow stem that is usually leafless and rises 10–100 mm or more above the leaves. Stems and leaves exude a white, milky latex when broken. A rosette may produce several flowering stems at a time. The flower heads are 20–50 mm in diameter and consist entirely of ray florets. The flower heads mature into spherical seed heads sometimes called blowballs or clocks containing many single-seeded fruits called achenes. Each achene is attached to a pappus of fine hair-like material which enables wind-aided dispersal over long distances. The flower head is surrounded by bracts in two series. The inner bracts are erect until the seeds mature, then flex downward to allow the seeds to disperse. The outer bracts are often reflexed downward, but remain appressed in plants of the sections Palustria and Spectabilia. Between the pappus and the achene is a stalk called a beak, which elongates as the fruit matures. The beak breaks off from the achene quite easily, separating the seed from the parachute. Dandelion is also a relatively rare houseplant that is a fun challenge to grow and needs regular watering to thrive. They do best in long-lasting, direct light and should be less than 1 foot from a window. Both T. officinale and T. erythrospermum are edible in their entirety, and the scientific and hobby study of the genus is known as taraxacology.