Tarchonanthus camphoratus aka Camphorwood

Tarchonanthus camphoratus, or camphor bush, belongs to the daisy family, Asteraceae. Its native range runs from Eritrea to southern Africa. It also extends into the Arabian Peninsula. This evergreen shrub or small tree grows in warm, dry regions. It lives in savannah, woodland, grassland, and dry forest edges. In some places, it forms a large share of the woody growth.

Plants reach about 20–23 feet [6–7 metres], though some reach 30 feet [9 metres]. Many branches form a narrow crown above grey, cracked bark. The trunk can reach about 1.3 feet [0.4 metres] across. Narrow, oval leaves have a white covering on their undersides. They give off a strong camphor scent. Male and female flowers grow on separate plants. The plant cannot fertilise itself. Its fruits are achenes, with a scent and fluffy, cotton-like fibres.

A sunny site suits this tree best, though one source allows light shade. It grows at a moderate rate and tolerates drought. It also withstands short periods of seasonal waterlogging. Deep soil suits it, but it also grows on stony ground. Sandy, loamy, and clay soils can all support it. Good drainage is preferred. It favours slightly acid soil but tolerates neutral ground. Salt-laden coastal winds are also within its tolerance. Dormant plants may survive about −2°C. New growth can suffer severe harm at −1°C. PFAF lists USDA zones 9–12.

Gardeners grow camphor bush as an ornamental in South Africa. It also serves as bonsai, a hedge, or a windbreak. It accepts trimming and has a strong root system. Those roots help hold dunes and reduce soil loss. Its drought and fire resistance support use on dry land. It can also serve in firebreaks. Fallen leaves break down slowly and add to soil fertility. People value its durable, scented wood and use its oil in cosmetics. Sources flag weed potential without describing how widely it spreads.

People use the leaves to make tea. PFAF gives the plant a low food-use rating. It also notes that the leaves have a mild narcotic effect. Traditional uses include remedies for coughs, chest complaints, and stomach trouble. These records describe use, rather than proof that treatments work. Both PFAF and Useful Tropical Plants report no known hazards. That does not establish safety for people or pets.