Vaccinium ovatum aka California Huckleberry

Vaccinium ovatum is an evergreen shrub in the heath family, Ericaceae. Gardeners know it as evergreen huckleberry or box blueberry. It grows along the Pacific coast from British Columbia to California. Its range includes western Washington and Oregon. Wild plants grow on dry slopes and sandy heathland. They occur near sea level and farther inland on higher ground.

In gardens, it usually reaches 3–5 feet [0.9–1.5 metres] tall. Its spread reaches about 5 feet [1.5 metres]. Some plants reach 8–10 feet [2.4–3 metres] tall. The shrub grows upright and often stays compact. Long shoots can give it an uneven outline. Its thin, smooth bark has a reddish-brown hue. Young twigs bear hairs, then become smooth. Small, leathery leaves grow in two rows along reddish stems. Their upper faces are glossy dark green, with paler undersides. Fine teeth line the leaf edges. The leaves stay on the plant through winter.

Small flower clusters appear in spring, sometimes lasting into early summer. The pale pink flowers have a bell or urn shape. Each flower carries both male and female parts. The berries start red and turn blue-black in late summer. Each berry measures about a quarter-inch across. Fruit can remain on the shrub into early winter. People eat the berries fresh, cooked, or dried. Their strong taste suits pies and preserves. Leaves and dried berries also serve as tea ingredients. PFAF lists no known hazards, but provides no pet-specific safety evidence.

Grow this shrub in sun or partial shade. Choose a sheltered spot with acidic soil that drains well. The soil should still hold moisture, with pH 4.5–5.5. Loam and sand both suit it. Containers and raised beds offer options where soil is unsuitable. Use peat-free ericaceous compost, and protect potted plants during winter. RHS rates it H4 for UK hardiness. Oregon State places its cold tolerance at USDA zone 7. RHS gives a maturity period of 10–20 years.

Its lasting foliage suits borders, courtyards, and woodland garden edges. Florists also use its leafy stems. Older shrubs benefit from regular pruning. Take softwood cuttings in late spring, or semi-ripe cuttings in early summer. Birds eat the crop, so netting can protect ripening berries. Vine weevil larvae can harm roots, especially in pots. Other problems include mildew, root rot, and occasional honey fungus. Iron or manganese shortages can cause chlorosis.