Wollemia nobilis aka Wollemi Pine

Wollemia nobilis is an evergreen tree known as Wollemi pine. It belongs to Araucariaceae, rather than the true pine family. Its native range lies in New South Wales, Australia. Wild trees grow in steep sandstone gorges within Wollemi National Park. Living trees came to scientific notice in 1994. Chicago Botanic Garden reports fewer than 100 trees across three original sites. Growers have raised plants for gardens to help conserve the species.

The tree grows upright and forms a narrow crown. It can develop several trunks rather than one main stem. RHS lists garden heights above 39 feet [12 metres]. Its listed spread reaches 13–26 feet [4–8 metres]. Other sources describe tall trees reaching 80–130 feet [25–40 metres]. Growth is slow, and full size takes more than 50 years. RHS reports growth of 7–10 feet [2–3 metres] within five years. The dark brown bark has soft, raised bumps. Side branches extend outward or droop slightly from the trunk.

The flat, tough leaves form two or four rows. Their spiral attachment becomes less clear as each leaf twists. Pale spring growth turns darker during the growing season. Green twigs carry buds coated with resin. This conifer forms cones rather than flowers. One tree can bear both male and female cones. Male cones are slender and grow at branch tips. Female cones are rounder and take about 18–20 months to mature. They turn brown and break apart to release their seeds. Branch tips die after their cones ripen.

Give this tree shelter and soil that drains well. It prefers moist soil with an acid to neutral pH. Partial shade suits it best, though it can accept full sun. Leaves may turn yellow when first exposed to more sun. Young plants benefit from shade where sunlight is intense. RHS rates it H4 for UK conditions. Chicago Botanic Garden lists USDA zones 9–11. Oregon State reports outdoor trees in zone 8 with some frost damage.

Its lasting foliage and upright shape suit specimen planting. It needs no routine pruning and has few reported pests. Seeds and cuttings provide ways to raise new plants. Phytophthora root rot poses a known threat. Low genetic diversity leaves wild stands at risk from disease. Honey fungus may also affect garden trees, but susceptibility remains unclear.