Agave colorata aka Mescal Ceniza

Agave colorata, or ash agave, is an evergreen succulent. It belongs to the asparagus family, Asparagaceae. Its native range covers Sonora and Sinaloa in northwestern Mexico. It grows on steep volcanic slopes and rocky cliffs. Thorn scrub surrounds these sites near the coast. Most rain falls from midsummer into early autumn.

The plant grows slowly into a stiff, broad-leaved rosette. Garden plants reach about 2–5 feet [0.6–1.5 metres] tall and wide. Larger clumps may reach 6 feet [1.8 metres] tall. These can spread to 10 feet [3 metres] across. Most plants remain single rosettes, though some form small groups. Older plants may develop a short stem. The thick leaves have a rough, blue-grey surface. Their waxy coating gives them a pale, dusty look. Wavy edges bear strong teeth, and each tip carries a spine. Nearby leaves leave marks as they press together in bud.

Flowering takes many years, rather than following an annual cycle. Plants may bloom after 15–20 years in warm climates. Cooler conditions can delay flowering to about 25 years. The bloom season runs from March to June. Flower stalks rise 7–10 feet [2–3 metres] above the ground. Red buds open into yellow and orange flowers. Bats pollinate them; hummingbirds may also play a part. Brown capsules hold black seeds within three chambers. The flowering rosette dies, while basal offsets can carry on growing.

Give this agave full sun and soil that drains well. It also tolerates light shade, with summer shade useful in heat. It suits pots, gravel beds, coastal gardens, and sheltered courtyards. The plant withstands drought and needs little water once established. During active growth, water well, then let the soil dry. Keep it dry in winter and protect it from frost. RHS rates it H3, while Oregon State lists USDA Zone 8. RHS notes possible survival at 18°F [-8°C] when kept dry. A greenhouse or conservatory offers winter shelter in colder places.

No routine pruning is needed, and disease problems are uncommon. Scale insects can attack the leaves. Grow new plants from seed or remove offsets in spring or autumn. Its broad leaves and bold shape provide structure in garden beds. Keep the sharp teeth and tip spines in mind when placing it. The plant can irritate human skin, so wear gloves when handling it. It can also harm cats and dogs that eat it.