Andropogon virginicus aka Broom Sedge

Andropogon virginicus is a long-lived grass in the Poaceae family. Its common names include broomsedge and broomsedge bluestem. Despite its name, it is not a sedge. NC State lists it under the name Anatherum virginicum. Its native range spans North and Central America, the Caribbean, and Venezuela. It grows in old fields, open woods, pastures, and roadsides. It also occurs on poor hillsides and sandy ground.

This perennial forms narrow, upright clumps with a medium growth rate. Garden plants reach 2–4 feet (0.61–1.22 metres) tall. They spread 1–2 feet (0.30–0.61 metres) wide. The leaves and stems start green. They turn deep red-purple, then bright orange in late fall. The leaves have sheaths, and the plant bears hairs. Its stems have no scent. Flower heads emerge in September and gain orange tones in autumn. Light from behind can give them a silver look. Fruit remains on display from October through November.

Full sun gives the best growth, though plants tolerate part shade. This grass thrives in dry sites with poor soil. It also accepts soil with a moderate supply of moisture. PFAF recommends light, sandy soil that drains well. NC State also reports tolerance of clay and drought. Wild plants often grow in strongly acid soil. Heavy mulch does not suit this grass. NC State lists it for USDA zones 3–9. Gardeners can raise it from seed or divide established clumps.

Broomsedge suits meadows, natural areas, and informal wildflower beds. It can fill gaps or form a backdrop for flowers. Its fall color adds interest to borders and mass plantings. It is less suited to a formal garden. Skipper larvae use this plant, and it attracts butterflies. Livestock and wild animals tend not to graze it. People once made brooms from its dry stems. The stems also yield a yellow dye. PFAF records its past use as packing for whiskey bottles.

NC State reports no major pest or disease concerns. Some people may develop allergy symptoms around the plant. PFAF lists no known food use and no known hazards. It records folk uses of roots and leaves for several ailments. Those records do not establish safe or effective treatment. The plant can become weedy outside its intended space. In Hawaii, it has invaded native habitats since its introduction. There, it can change fire patterns and local water cycles.