Arachis hypogaea aka Peanut

The peanut, scientifically known as Arachis hypogaea, is a legume crop grown for its edible seeds. Also referred to as the groundnut, goober, pindar, or monkey nut, it is cultivated in the tropics and subtropics and is important to both small and large-scale commercial producers. Classified as a grain legume and an oil crop due to its high oil content, peanuts are grown worldwide, with China leading in production. Unlike most legume crops, peanut pods develop underground, which led to their specific epithet hypogaea, meaning "under the earth" given by Carl Linnaeus. Belonging to the Fabaceae family, commonly known as the legume, bean, or pea family, peanuts have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules, which reduces the need for nitrogen-containing fertilizers and improves soil fertility. In terms of taste and nutritional profile, peanuts are similar to tree nuts like walnuts and almonds, and they are often prepared and served in similar ways in Western cuisines. While botanically peanuts do not meet the definition of a nut, they are commonly categorized as nuts for culinary purposes and in everyday English. Peanut plants are leguminous plants grown as annuals, with leaves divided into four leaflets. They bear small, pea-like yellow flowers with orange veining during mid- to late summer. After pollination, the flower stem elongates and pushes the ovary into the ground, where the fruit develops. Native to Central Brazil, peanut plants thrive in warm climates with full sun and well-drained, light, sandy, loam soil. Virginia style peanuts have large kernels and are used as gourmet peanuts, while Spanish peanuts have smaller kernels covered in a reddish brown skin and are commonly used in peanut confections. Valencia peanuts have bright red skin and contain three or more seeds per pod.