Cordia dodecandra aka Ziricote

Cordia dodecandra, or ziricote, is a deciduous tree in the Boraginaceae family. Kew places its native range from central Mexico to Guatemala, plus Cuba. Useful Tropical Plants also lists Belize and Honduras within its range. It grows in dry lowland woods and coastal forests on limestone. In Mexico, it also occurs in rainforest and areas of regrowth. People gather its fruit from wild trees and grow it locally. Its cultivation may date back to Maya times.

The tree forms a wide crown above a short trunk. Reported height reaches about 52 feet [16 metres]. The evidence gives no separate size range for garden trees. Its growth rate is moderate, and it sheds its leaves. The tough, grey-green leaves have a rough surface. People use them to scour pots and dishes. They also use the leaves in place of sandpaper. The tree bears flowers, though the sources give no bloom season.

The pale yellow fruit can be round or egg-shaped. It measures about 0.16 feet [0.05 metres] across. People eat the flesh raw and use it for preserves. Reports differ on its taste and appeal. Some prize its mild sweetness, while others find it less pleasing. One account also notes a slight acid taste. Useful Tropical Plants reports no known hazards for this species. That does not establish the safety of every plant part for pets.

This is a tree of warm, lowland tropical sites. It occurs at heights up to about 2,953 feet [900 metres]. Reported sites have a mean yearly temperature near 26°C. It grows best in full sun and fertile soil that drains well. Once established, it can cope with drought. It also tolerates wind that carries salt. These traits support its use in sunny tropical gardens near the coast. The evidence provides no frost limit or hardiness zone.

Beyond fruit, the tree supplies timber and materials for local medicine. Its dark heartwood is hard, dense, and heavy. Woodworkers can polish it to a smooth finish. They use it for furniture and building work. Its natural lubrication also suits some ship parts around propeller shafts. Local cough syrups use the bark, flowers, and fruit. This records a traditional use, not proof of medical benefit. Seed germination can be slow; lightly scuffing the seed coat may help. Growers also propagate the tree from cuttings.