Dalbergia cochinchinensis aka Siamese Rosewood

Dalbergia cochinchinensis is a large tree that stays green year-round. It belongs to Fabaceae, the pea family. Names include Siam rosewood, Thailand rosewood, and Tracwood. It comes from Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and southern Vietnam. It grows in open forests where some trees shed leaves. Some stands hold only trees of this species. Sources place it in lowlands and on hills. They give heights above sea level around 1,310–1,640 feet [400–500 metres].

The tree grows at a slow pace. Its round crown has many branches. Listed garden sizes reach 82 feet [25 metres] tall. The crown can spread to 66 feet [20 metres]. Broader accounts give heights up to 98 feet [30 metres]. Trunks reach about 2 feet [0.6 metres] across. Some reach about 4 feet [1.2 metres], an extreme size. Trees can form buttresses, or flared supports at the base. Uneven stems can make trees harder to use for timber. Insects carry pollen between flowers. The sources give no details of flower or fruit form.

Full-grown trees need full sun. Young trees can cope with shade. They prefer moist soil that drains well. Once well rooted, trees can cope with drought. They grow in sand, loam, and clay. Deep sandy clay and lime-rich ground suit them well. They cope with soils from weakly acid to strongly alkaline. Their home climate stays warm and gets rain year-round. Reported rain totals run from 1,200 to 1,650 millimetres per year. PFAF lists USDA zones 10–12 for this tree. Trees regrow well after coppicing, or cutting back to stumps.

The tree can fix nitrogen and help improve soil. Growers can use it in mixed tree-and-crop systems. Its high-value wood also drives heavy cutting in wild forests. The heartwood ranges from red to near-black. The sapwood beside it is grey. Fresh-cut wood has a scent like roses. The wood is heavy and hard. It lasts well and resists insects. Workers make furniture, carvings, and crafts from it. They also make musical instruments. Other uses include fuel and charcoal. Its broad, year-round green crown shapes its look in the landscape.

Logging and loss of habitat threaten wild trees. Useful Tropical Plants cites the 2009 IUCN assessment. That assessment lists the species as Vulnerable. This old record does not show its current status. Neither source reports known food or medicinal uses. Both report no known hazards. This does not prove the tree is safe. The supplied evidence names no specific pests or diseases.