Echinopsis chamaecereus aka Peanut Cactus

During active growth in spring and summer, maintain temperatures between 16-24°C (61-75°F). In winter, provide a cool rest period at 2-7°C (36-45°F) to encourage abundant flowering. This cold period is essential for blooming. The peanut cactus is remarkably cold-hardy for a cactus, tolerating temperatures down to -7°C (19°F) if kept completely dry, but will rot if exposed to cold and wet conditions together.

Echinopsis chamaecereus is a compact, mat-forming cactus with finger-like stems about 1-1.2 cm in diameter and up to 10-15 cm long. Mature plants reach approximately 10-15 cm (4-6 inches) in height with a spread of 30-50 cm (12-20 inches). It is a slow-growing species, taking 10-20 years to reach its ultimate size according to RHS. The pale green stems have 8-10 ribs lined with 10-15 soft white bristles per areole.

Yes, the peanut cactus produces spectacular orange-red funnel-shaped flowers that are 5-7 cm (2-3 inches) across. Blooms appear prolifically in late spring and early summer, often in multiple flushes, creating a stunning display against the pale green stems. The flowers open during the day and close at night. To encourage abundant flowering, the plant requires a cool, dry winter rest period at 2-7°C. Even young plants flower readily. This species has received the RHS Award of Garden Merit for its ornamental value.

Several cultivars and forms exist. 'Lutea' (Yellow Peanut Cactus or Banana Cactus) is an albino form with yellow stems that must be grafted onto another cactus rootstock to survive. A crested form 'Lutea cristata' is also available. Additionally, numerous Chamaelobivia hybrids exist, created by crossing with Lobivia species. These hybrids produce flowers in various colors including yellow, pink, red, and white, while retaining the characteristic finger-like stems. Named cultivars include 'Rainbow', 'Violet', 'Westfield Alba', and 'Yellow Bird'.

In mild climates (USDA zones 9-11), peanut cactus can be grown outdoors year-round in rock gardens, containers, or xeriscaping. It is remarkably cold-hardy for a cactus, surviving temperatures to -7°C (19°F) if kept dry. However, it will rot if exposed to cold combined with wet conditions. In colder zones, grow in containers that can be moved indoors for winter, or treat as a houseplant. Outdoors, plant in full sun with excellent drainage, preferring sandy or gravelly soil. In the UK, RHS rates it H3 (half-hardy), suitable for sheltered positions in mild areas or unheated greenhouses.

Peanut cactus is one of the easiest cacti to propagate. The offsets ('pups') that form along the stems can be gently twisted or cut off. Let the cut end dry and callous for 1-2 days, then place on well-draining cactus soil. The offsets often root simply by being placed on soil surface—no burying needed. Take cuttings in spring or summer for best results. Seeds can also be used but offset propagation is much faster. New roots typically develop within a few weeks, and the plant establishes quickly.

Repot every 2-3 years in spring, after flowering has finished. Use a container only 1-2 inches wider than the current pot, as peanut cacti prefer being slightly rootbound. Choose pots with drainage holes—terracotta is ideal as it allows moisture to evaporate. Use a well-draining cactus mix with added grit or perlite. Position the plant at the same depth it was growing previously. Wait 7-10 days after repotting before watering to allow any damaged roots to heal and prevent rot.

Mealybugs are the most common pest, appearing as white cottony masses on stems or roots. Spider mites and scale insects may also attack. Treat small infestations by dabbing with rubbing alcohol on a cotton swab; for larger problems, use insecticidal soap or neem oil. Root mealybugs can be treated by soaking roots in diluted hydrogen peroxide solution. The main disease concern is root rot from overwatering—prevent this by using well-draining soil, pots with drainage holes, and allowing soil to dry completely between waterings. RHS notes this species is generally disease-free when given proper care.

No pruning is required for peanut cactus. RHS specifically notes that pruning is 'not required.' The plant naturally forms a compact, spreading mat of finger-like stems. You may remove spent flowers after blooming if desired, and can detach any damaged or shriveled stems. Any removed healthy stems can be used for propagation. If the plant becomes too large or crowded, simply remove offsets and pot them separately or share with friends.