Erythronium montanum aka White Avalanche Lily

Erythronium montanum, or avalanche lily, belongs to the lily family. Its native range runs from southwestern British Columbia to northern Oregon. It grows in mountain meadows and open conifer woods. These sites lie at elevations of about 2,625–6,560 feet [800–2,000 metres]. This bulbous plant comes from a temperate climate. Its mountain origins matter when choosing a garden site. PFAF reports that it does not persist in lowland gardens.

Plants reach about 1 foot [0.3 metres] in height. The narrow, egg-shaped bulbs reach about 0.2 feet [0.06 metres] long. PFAF lists April to May as the flowering season. Seeds ripen later, from June to July. Each flower has both male and female organs. The supplied species evidence gives no further flower or leaf details. It also gives no mature spread for garden plants.

Grow this species in partial shade with good soil drainage. Trees or shrubs can provide the shade it needs. It prefers moist soil with plenty of humus. Light sandy soil and medium loam both suit it. Slightly acid soil is best, though it tolerates neutral conditions. It can also grow in mildly alkaline soil. Chalky ground needs plenty of humus for plants to succeed. PFAF reports hardiness to at least 5°F [−15°C]. Cold tolerance alone does not make lowland sites suitable. Woodland gardens and shaded borders are listed garden settings. Plant bulbs about 0.23 feet [0.07 metres] deep.

Seed offers a way to raise new plants. Sow fresh seed when ripe in a shaded cold frame. Keep summer watering light during this stage. Germination may follow in autumn or winter. Stored seed needs a spell of cold stratification. Sow thinly so seedlings can stay undisturbed through their first year. PFAF advises occasional liquid feed to prevent nutrient shortages. Move small bulbs into pots while they are dormant. Grow them under shade for another two to three years.

PFAF records the bulb as an edible part. People have eaten it raw, cooked, or dried for storage. It also records its food use by Indigenous North Americans. No medicinal uses or other practical uses are known there. The evidence does not establish a species-specific toxicity rating. It supplies no named pests or diseases for this species. PFAF does not flag the plant as weedy.