Ilex latifolia aka Tarajo Holly

Ilex latifolia is an evergreen shrub or small tree. Gardeners call it lusterleaf holly or Tarajo holly. It belongs to the holly family, Aquifoliaceae. Its native range covers southern China and central and southern Japan. It grows in broadleaf woods, scrub, and bamboo forests. Its dense crown can form a pyramid or rounded shape. Several stems may rise from the base.

Garden plants reach about 20–26 feet [6–8 metres] tall. Their spread can reach 15–26 feet [4.6–8 metres]. RHS notes that plants grow larger in warm climates. Plants may take 10–20 years to reach their full size. The smooth grey bark has a mottled surface. Young branches are olive green, while older branches are stout. The leaves grow in an alternate pattern along the stems. Each thick, glossy leaf has an oblong shape and toothed edge. Leaves measure about 4–8 inches long and stay green year-round. Their undersides have a yellow-green tint.

Small flowers appear in spring, with RHS specifying late spring. Sources describe their colour as yellow-green or cream. Bees visit the flowers. Female plants bear fruit when a male holly supplies pollen. Red fruits gather in clusters around the leaf joints. They ripen in autumn and remain through winter. Birds eat the fruit, which adds colour to winter gardens.

Grow this holly in sun or partial shade. Moist soil with good drainage suits it well. It tolerates clay, poor soil, drought, shade, and air pollution. NC State recommends acid soil and warns that alkaline soil can yellow leaves. RHS lists a wider range of suitable soil pH. Oregon State places its cold-hardiness threshold at USDA zone 7. RHS rates it H5 for UK gardens. High heat and humidity may limit its growth. Use it as a specimen, hedge, screen, or espalier. Its dense evergreen form also suits woodland and wildlife gardens.

Pruning can control its size; trim hedges in early spring. Cuttings may root poorly, and seeds can take years to sprout. Possible pests include scale, leaf miners, aphids, mites, and mealybugs. Root rot, holly leaf blight, and honey fungus may occur. Sources record leaves as a tea substitute and roasted seeds as a coffee substitute. These uses do not make the fruit safe to eat. The berries can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, or other illness. RHS also warns against pets eating the fruit.