Metrosideros excelsa aka Phutukawa

Metrosideros excelsa is an evergreen tree in the myrtle family. Its common names include pohutukawa and New Zealand Christmas tree. It comes from New Zealand’s North Island. Plants For A Future also records coastal forests on the Three Kings Islands. This tree suits warm climates and has limited frost tolerance. Its leaves stay on the branches throughout the year.

The tree grows upright, with many branches and a broad crown. RHS lists garden heights above 39 feet [12 metres]. Its spread can exceed 26 feet [8 metres]. In its native range, it reaches 66 feet [20 metres]. Full size can take more than 50 years. The dark green leaves feel leathery and have a slight sheen. Thick white felt covers their undersides. Bright red flowers form brush-like clusters of many stamens. RHS places flowering in summer. Chicago Botanic Garden lists May to June for its setting.

Grow it in sun, though Chicago also lists partial shade. RHS recommends a sheltered spot with loam or sandy soil. The soil should drain well, whether moist or less damp. Acid, neutral and alkaline soils all suit it. Under glass, use peat-free compost based on loam. Give plants bright light, but shade them from hot sun. Water well during growth and feed monthly with balanced liquid fertiliser. Reduce watering outside the growing season. RHS rates it H2, so it cannot withstand freezing. Chicago lists USDA zones 10–11. Older plants gain some hardiness once their stems become woody.

The broad crown makes this tree useful as a specimen. It also serves as a screen or hedge. Plants For A Future reports success in exposed seaside sites. RHS suggests coastal gardens, courtyards, containers and conservatories. Chicago notes that it draws birds. Its dense, strong wood has served in shipbuilding and machine parts. Plants under glass may need pruning to limit their size. Sow seeds in spring, or root semi-ripe cuttings with bottom heat in summer.

Scale insects may attack it, though RHS reports few disease problems. Plants For A Future lists flower nectar as edible. It gives the plant a low food-use rating. The same source records astringent use for dysentery. This records a use, not proof of safe treatment. It lists no known hazards, but this does not establish pet safety.