Populus simonii aka Simon's Poplar

Populus simonii, or Simon poplar, is a deciduous tree. It belongs to the willow family, Salicaceae. Kew places its native range in northern and central China, extending to Korea. PFAF also lists Mongolia within its range. It grows in temperate regions, on plains and in mountains. Wild trees occur beside streams and in river valleys. They also grow on sandy ground and river deposits.

This fast-growing tree can reach about 98 feet [30 metres]. Its crown has an oval outline. It sheds its leaves each year. The swelling buds give off a balsam scent in spring. Young leaves share this scent as they open. The evidence gives no further details on leaf shape or bark. Its size suits the canopy layer of a woodland garden. Allow space where nearby roots and branches will not compete.

Yellow flowers appear from April to June. Male and female flowers grow on separate trees. Wind carries pollen between them. A lone tree cannot set seed without the other sex. Seeds ripen from May to July. Fresh seed loses its ability to sprout within days. Sow it soon after it ripens, with little soil cover. Seedlings can start in pots within a cold frame.

Grow this poplar in full sun and moist soil. It cannot grow in shade. It accepts sandy, loamy, and clay soils. Deep, rich soil with good drainage gives the best growth. It tolerates mildly acid through mildly alkaline soil. Cold, damp clay can also suit it. Yet wet ground, poor acid soil, and thin dry soil limit growth. Avoid exposed upland sites. PFAF lists USDA zones 2–5 and reports that cultivation is easy. Bacterial canker is a known risk.

People plant this species for timber in central Europe. Its wood is soft and lacks lasting outdoor durability. It resists wear and does not burn readily. An extract from soaked shoots can help cuttings form roots. PFAF records cooked young leaves as an edible use. Its food-use rating is low, at one out of five. The source lists no known hazards. This does not establish safety for every use or pet. Species-specific evidence for medicinal benefits is lacking.