Elsholtzia fruticosa aka Shrubby Mint

Elsholtzia fruticosa, also called Ji Gu Chai, belongs to the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is a deciduous shrub, so it sheds its leaves. Its native range runs from northern Pakistan to central and southern China and northern Myanmar. Records also place it in Bhutan, India, and Nepal. It grows on grassy slopes, open hills, and in valleys. Chinese records place it at heights of 3,940–10,500 feet [1,200–3,200 metres]. Kew classes its climate as subtropical.

The shrub reaches about 5 feet [1.5 metres] tall. It has a woody base and can grow as a subshrub. Severe winter cold may kill its woody stems back to the base. This means its stems may not last through each winter. Its leaves have a strong scent, which gives them uses beyond the garden. Flowers appear from August to September. Each flower has both male and female organs. The supplied species records give no details of flower colour or fruit shape.

In gardens, this plant suits woodland edges and sites with light shade. It can also grow in full sun. It prefers moist soil and accepts sand, loam, or clay. The soil can be mildly acid, neutral, or mildly alkaline. These broad soil limits allow some choice of planting site. Plants For A Future lists USDA hardiness zones 4–8. Its warning about winter stem loss still matters when choosing a site. The evidence gives no specific pests or diseases for this shrub.

The seeds have food uses, though Plants For A Future gives edibility a low rating. Ground seeds serve as a spice for food. The seeds also yield an edible oil. The same source lists no known hazards. That statement does not establish safety for every use or for pets. Root juice has a reported traditional use for headaches. This is a record of use, not proof that it works. Scented leaves go into pot-pourri, while the ground plant serves as incense.

To raise plants from seed, sow in spring under glass. Move seedlings into separate pots once large enough to handle. Keep them in a greenhouse through at least their first winter. Plant them outside in late spring or early summer, after frost risk has passed. Spring division offers another way to grow new plants.