Juniperus ashei aka Mexican Juniper

Juniperus ashei, or Ashe juniper, is an evergreen shrub or small tree. It belongs to the cypress family, Cupressaceae. Its native range runs from southern Missouri to northern Mexico. Central Texas holds much of its range, including the Edwards Plateau. Other populations grow in Oklahoma, northern Arkansas, and southern Missouri. In Mexico, it reaches northern Coahuila. It grows on low limestone hills and soils over limestone.

In gardens, it reaches 15–25 feet (4.57–7.62 metres) tall. Its spread can reach 25 feet (7.62 metres). The crown may be rounded or flat across the top. The trunk often splits into branches close to the ground. Gray or red-brown bark sheds in long strips. Small, green, scale-like leaves keep their color through winter. Raised, dome-shaped glands mark the lower sides of the leaves.

This conifer makes cones rather than flowers. Male and female cones grow on separate trees. Male trees shed pollen that can cause allergies in some people. The small cones provide a showy fruit display and attract birds. They measure about 0.24–0.31 inches across. Plants For A Future lists these cones as edible fruit. It says they can be eaten raw or cooked. Their thin skins enclose sweet, juicy flesh with a resinous taste. That source gives the plant a low food-use rating. It lists no known hazards or medicinal uses.

Grow Ashe juniper in full sun and soil that drains well. Average soil with moderate moisture suits it. It also accepts clay and a wide range of soils. Once rooted, it tolerates some drought and dry soil. Wet soil does not suit it. USDA zones 6–9 cover its stated hardiness range. Winter survival is less dependable in zone 5. It needs little upkeep and tolerates many city air pollutants. Deer resistance and erosion tolerance add to its landscape value. It fits sunny sites and the bright edge of woodland gardens.

The Missouri Botanical Garden reports no major insect or disease problems. Poor drainage can lead to root rot. Canker may affect the bark or main stems. Aphids, bagworms, webworms, and scale may also occur. Its green winter leaves give the garden year-round structure. The wood is hard, durable, light, and easy to work. It has a fine grain and a slight scent. Local uses include fence posts, poles, railway ties, and fuel. Limited size and supply restrict its use as commercial timber.