Osmanthus fragrans aka Sweet Osmanthus

Osmanthus fragrans is an evergreen shrub or small tree. Gardeners also call it fragrant tea olive or sweet olive. It belongs to the olive family. Its native range spans China, Japan, and the Himalayas. It also grows in parts of Southeast Asia. Wild plants grow in mountain woods, including forests in Nepal.

In gardens, it often reaches 10–15 feet [3–4.6 metres]. RHS gives a smaller range of 8–13 feet [2.5–4 metres]. Missouri Botanical Garden lists spreads up to 16 feet [4.9 metres]. Larger plants can reach 20–30 feet [6–9 metres] in Asia. Oregon State reports heights up to 40 feet [12 metres]. The plant grows upright and forms a dense crown. It may have several main trunks. Its simple leaves grow in opposite pairs along the stems. They feel thick and leathery, with a glossy green surface. Their edges may be smooth or have fine teeth. Leaves stay on the plant through winter.

Small white flowers grow in clusters where leaves meet stems. Their strong scent recalls ripe apricots. The flowers draw more notice through scent than size. Bloom timing varies among the sources and growing regions. Missouri Botanical Garden lists April, with scattered later flowers. NC State notes early spring and another flush in fall. RHS places the main bloom in autumn, with some earlier flowers. Oval, blue-black drupes follow the flowers.

Grow this plant in sun or partial shade. Give it afternoon shade where summers are hot. It needs moist soil that drains well, but tolerates clay. Established plants withstand drought, though watering helps during hot, dry spells. RHS accepts acid, neutral, and alkaline soils. Oregon State favors acid soil. Missouri Botanical Garden recommends outdoor planting in USDA zones 8b–11. RHS rates it H3 for mild parts of Britain. Shelter it from cold, drying winds. In colder places, keep it in a pot indoors over winter.

Use it for hedges, screens, borders, or a small tree. It also suits espalier training and pots near paths or patios. Pruning can reduce the next year's flowers. Aphids and scale may attack it; honey fungus is another risk. Frost damage can reduce the next fall's bloom. People use the flowers to scent tea, wine, and sweets. They also preserve unripe fruit in brine. Flower oil has uses in scent-making and flavoring. PFAF and Useful Tropical Plants report no known hazards.