Prunus mume aka Japanese Apricot

Prunus mume is a deciduous tree in the rose family. Gardeners call it Japanese apricot, mei, mume, or ume. Its native range runs from south-central China into northern Indochina. It grows in woods and on rocky hills. Despite its common name, it did not originate in Japan. People have grown it in China for over 1,500 years. It also has a long place in Chinese art and culture.

The tree grows fast and forms a bushy, rounded crown. Garden sources give heights of 15–30 feet [4.6–9 metres]. NC State lists a usual spread of 15–20 feet [4.6–6.1 metres]. RHS allows taller trees, reaching 39 feet [12 metres]. It also lists spreads beyond 26 feet [8 metres]. Young bark is smooth and pale gray. Older bark peels and develops grooves. The green shoots are smooth and glossy. Leaves grow in an alternate pattern along the stems. Each oval leaf has a pointed tip and sharp teeth. Fine hairs line the veins beneath the leaves. The green foliage turns yellow before it falls.

The flowers open on bare branches before the leaves emerge. Bloom dates range from January through March, depending on location. The pale pink flowers have five petals and a clove scent. Each measures about one inch across and grows alone or paired. Insects pollinate the blooms, and the tree attracts butterflies. It hosts the caterpillars of the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail. Birds visit for the fruit. The round drupes have fuzzy skin and a hard stone. They turn yellow-green to yellow-orange and ripen in summer. Their edible flesh tastes sour or bitter. People use the fruit for jelly, wine, and pickles. Leaves, stems, and seeds are toxic to dogs, cats, and horses.

Grow this tree in sun or partial shade. It needs moist soil that drains well. It prefers loam, but RHS also lists clay and sand. RHS accepts acid, neutral, and alkaline soils. Avoid dry or poor soil, and choose a sheltered site. Sources rate it for USDA zones 6–9 and UK H5. Winter cold can harm flowers and reduce the fruit crop. Prune only as needed, just after bloom. Remove dead growth promptly.

Use it beside paths, patios, or decks for winter flowers. It suits single-tree displays, groups, and bonsai. Fallen fruit can make a mess beneath the crown. Though fairly trouble-free, it can suffer from aphids, scale, and borers. Mites and caterpillars may also attack it. Disease risks include bacterial canker, brown rot, and silver leaf. Honey fungus and blossom wilt are further concerns. RHS also identifies it as a high-risk host for Xylella.