Verbascum nigrum aka Black Mullein

Verbascum nigrum is a perennial known as dark mullein. Other names include black-rooted mullein and tall mullein. It belongs to the Scrophulariaceae family. Its native range spans Europe to central Siberia, including Britain and Ireland. It grows in temperate regions, on roadsides and open banks. These sites often have dry soil rich in lime.

The plant forms a clump of leaves at ground level. Garden plants reach about 1.6–3.3 feet [0.5–1 metre] tall and wide. The RHS describes a usual height near 3 feet [0.9 metres]. Plants reach their full size within one to two years. The leaves have long stalks and scalloped edges. Their upper sides range from mid to dark green. Fine grey hairs give the undersides a woolly feel. Plants may lose their leaves or retain some through winter.

Slender racemes rise above the clump from midsummer into early autumn. They bear yellow flowers with purple stamens at the centre. This contrast gives the blooms a clear two-colour look. The RHS lists this plant for wildlife gardens and wildflower meadows. It also suits cottage gardens and other informal planting. Plants For A Future lists it for beds and hedgerows.

Give dark mullein full sun and soil that drains well. Chalk, loam and sand are all suitable soil types. It prefers soil with a neutral or alkaline pH. Supported moisture conditions range from dry to moist. The RHS rates its hardiness as H6. Plants For A Future gives USDA zones 4–8. Sites may be open to wind or sheltered. No routine pruning is needed. Raise new plants from seed or take root cuttings in winter. Mullein moth may attack it, but disease problems are uncommon.

Plants For A Future reports no known edible uses. It also lists no known hazards for this species. That does not establish that every use is safe. The same source records medicinal uses of the leaves and flowers. These include traditional remedies for coughs and other breathing complaints. It also records flower oil preparations for earache and skin complaints. These records describe uses rather than proof of safe treatment. The source gives the plant no weed warning.